ADHD and Addiction Recovery

How Are Addiction and ADHD Related?

Addiction and ADHD can often be closely related. People with ADHD often struggle with impulsivity, poor planning, and difficulty in maintaining focus and organization.[2] These challenges can lead to higher rates of substance use as a form of self-medication to manage their symptoms or to cope with the frustration and stress caused by their condition.[3]

The impulsive behavior associated with ADHD also increases the likelihood of engaging in risky behaviors, including experimentation with drugs and alcohol, which can quickly develop into addiction. From there, both ADHD and addiction affect similar areas of the brain, particularly those involved in reward, motivation, and executive function.[4]

This overlap in neurological pathways means that people with ADHD may be more biologically predisposed to developing substance use disorders. The co-occurrence of these conditions can create a vicious cycle where the symptoms of ADHD exacerbate substance abuse and vice versa, making it essential to address both issues concurrently in treatment.

Effective management requires an integrated approach that considers the complex relationship between ADHD and addiction, utilizing strategies that target both the behavioral and neurological aspects of each disorder.

What Are the Symptoms of ADHD and Co-Occurring Issues?

Research shows the symptoms of ADHD are often exacerbated by co-occurring issues, including substance use, and can include the following:[5]

Inattention

• Difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities
• Frequent careless mistakes in schoolwork or other activities
• Often seems not to listen when spoken to directly
• Trouble organizing tasks and activities
• Easily distracted by extraneous stimuli
• Forgetfulness in daily activities

Hyperactivity

• Fidgeting with or tapping hands and feet
• Inability to stay seated in situations where it is expected
• Running or climbing in inappropriate situations
• Inability to play or engage in activities quietly
• Excessive talking

Impulsivity

• Blurting out answers before questions have been completed
• Difficulty waiting for one’s turn
• Interrupting or intruding on others’ conversations
• General lack of impulse control

Symptoms of Co-Occurring Issues

• Increased tolerance to substances, leading to higher consumption
• Withdrawal symptoms when not using the substance
• Using substances to cope with ADHD symptoms
• Neglecting responsibilities at home, work, or school due to substance use
• Continued substance use despite awareness of the problems it causes

Statistics About ADHD and Substance Use

ADHD and substance use frequently co-occur, presenting unique challenges for those affected. Research indicates that individuals with ADHD are at a significantly higher risk of developing substance use disorders, with approximately 25% of adults receiving treatment for substance use disorders having ADHD.[6] Among adolescents, those with ADHD are 2.5 times more likely to develop substance use disorders compared to their peers without ADHD.[7]

The onset and progression of substance use in individuals with ADHD often begin at a younger age. Studies show that these individuals tend to start using substances earlier, with early substance use being a known risk factor for developing addiction later in life.[8] Adolescents with untreated ADHD are particularly vulnerable, with a higher likelihood of escalating from substance use to substance abuse and addiction.

Co-occurring ADHD and substance abuse can complicate treatment outcomes as well. People with both conditions often experience more severe addiction-related issues and have a harder time achieving and maintaining sobriety compared to those with substance use disorders alone.[9]

Treatment for ADHD and Dual Diagnosis at Wellbridge

Dual diagnosis treatment at Wellbridge offers a comprehensive range of evidence-based treatments and therapeutic modalities aimed at addressing both ADHD and addiction simultaneously: